GD&T Basics, rebuilt as an interactive guide
GD&T Reference
A fast, SEO-ready symbol reference with separate pages for core GD&T controls, datums, and material modifiers. Each page includes the callout, a drawing, a worked inspection example, and a rotatable 3D tolerance-zone model.
SSR content
Server-rendered pages for reference material.
3D models
React Three Fiber scenes for tolerance zones.
Comparisons
Responsive tables for symbol differences.
True Position
Controls how far a feature of size may drift from its theoretically exact location, usually from a datum reference frame.
Open pageFlatness
Controls surface waviness or bow by requiring all points of a surface to fit between two parallel planes.
Open pageSymmetry
Controls the median points of opposed surfaces so they remain centered about a datum center plane.
Open pageDatum
Establishes the theoretically exact point, axis, line, or plane used as the anchor for measuring related GD&T controls.
Open pageStraightness
Controls how much a surface line or derived median line may bend away from perfect straight form.
Open pageAngularity
Controls a surface, line, or axis at a specified basic angle relative to a datum.
Open pagePerpendicularity
Controls a surface or axis so it remains square to a datum plane, line, or axis.
Open pageProfile Of A Surface
Controls every point on a 3D surface within a boundary that follows the true surface profile.
Open pageMaximum Material Condition
Describes the size condition where a feature contains the most material: smallest hole or largest pin.
Open pageConcentricity
Controls derived median points of a cylindrical feature relative to a datum axis.
Open pageRunout
Controls how much a surface varies as the part rotates through 360 degrees around a datum axis.
Open pageParallelism
Controls a surface or axis so it remains parallel to a datum while staying inside a tolerance envelope.
Open pageCircularity
Controls how close each circular cross-section of a round feature is to a true circle.
Open pageTotal Runout
Controls variation of an entire surface as the part rotates 360 degrees about a datum axis.
Open pageCylindricity
Controls how closely the full length of a cylindrical feature conforms to a perfect cylinder.
Open pageFeature Control Frame
The boxed GD&T sentence that names the control, tolerance, modifiers, and datum references for a feature.
Open pageProfile Of A Line
Controls a 2D cross-section of a line or curve within a tolerance band following the true profile.
Open pageLeast Material Condition
The size condition where a feature contains the least material: largest hole or smallest pin.
Open pageRegardless Of Feature Size
The default condition where geometric tolerance is independent of the actual feature size.
Open pageGD&T Rule #1
The default ASME rule that limits feature form by the perfect-form envelope at maximum material condition.
Open pageUnequally Disposed Profile
A profile modifier that shifts the profile tolerance zone unequally inside and outside the true profile.
Open pageIndependency
An ASME modifier that separates size control from form control for the associated feature.
Open pageEnvelope Requirement
An ISO symbol that makes size control form through the perfect-form envelope at MMC.
Open pageDatum Target
Identifies a specific point, line, or area used to establish a datum from controlled contact locations.
Open pageContinuous Feature
Indicates separated surfaces or feature segments are to be treated as one continuous feature.
Open pageProjected Tolerance Zone
Extends a tolerance zone beyond the feature surface to protect fastener clearance in assembly.
Open pageFree State Symbol
Marks a dimension or tolerance that must be evaluated while a non-rigid part is unrestrained.
Open pageRestrained Condition Note
A drawing note that requires inspection while the part is fixtured, fastened, or otherwise restrained.
Open pageTangent Plane
Applies a surface control to a simulated tangent plane made from the high points of a surface.
Open pageCounterbore
Defines a flat-bottomed cylindrical recess coaxial with a smaller hole.
Open pageSpotface
Defines a shallow flat-bottomed cylindrical cleanup area around a hole.
Open pageCountersink
Defines a conical recess used so a flathead fastener can sit flush or below the surface.
Open pageDiameter
Indicates a circular feature is dimensioned by its full diameter.
Open pageSquare
Indicates a square feature so one size dimension controls both equal sides.
Open pageRadius
Indicates a circular feature is dimensioned by radius, or half of its diameter.
Open pageControlled Radius
Defines a radius that must also be a smooth, fair curve without reversals.
Open pageSpherical Radius
Indicates the radius value applies to a spherical feature.
Open pageSpherical Diameter
Indicates the diameter value applies to a spherical feature.
Open pageDepth Symbol
Indicates the depth of a hole, slot, counterbore, or similar feature.
Open pageDimension Origin
Identifies the required origin surface or location from which a dimension must be measured.
Open pageParting Line
Marks where mold or die segments meet on a cast, molded, or forged part.
Open pageArc Length
Indicates a dimension value is measured along a curved outline rather than as a chord.
Open pageConical Taper
Defines a taper as the ratio of diameter change to length change.
Open pageSlope
Defines a flat taper as the ratio of height change to length change.
Open pageMultiple Identical Features
Uses a count plus X to apply one dimension or requirement to repeated identical features.
Open page